Stavropol area. An old-geographic region in the Russian Federation located in the main area Cambodge femmes away from Subcaucasia, amongst the Kuban Lake (and you can Kuban area) towards the western, new Terek part to the southeast, brand new Wear area on the north, the brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic on the northeast, additionally the countries of the Caucasian mountain individuals to the south and southwestern. The brand new Stavropol area basically matches in area on previous Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 edge, 59,five hundred sq . kilometres) and the afterwards Stavropol krai, quicker brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq . km).
Bodily topography. The major part of the Stavropol area was occupied of the Stavropol Upland; the new lesser piece keeps components of new Caspian Lowland about east, the newest Kuma-Manych Depression regarding the north, plus the mountain tops of your own Caucasus Slopes in the southwestern. This new weather of Stavropol area try transformation, regarding moderate continental throughout the western to more dry and continental regarding east. The bigger of them range from the Yegorlyk (and that moves towards the Manych), the newest Kalaus, this new Kuma, as well as the Kuban and its upper tributaries, brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (get a hold of Zelenchuk rivers). River water is employed having irrigation. Quick, mainly saline lakes abound; the largest ‘s the thin however, 160-km-a lot of time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the centrally located Stavropol region stayed sparsely inhabited because of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-speaking somebody) and Kalmyk some body (a Mongol-speaking class), which together numbered regarding 80,000
The fresh new soils regarding the west and you will central part of the Stavropol region is certain chernozems and you may chestnut grounds; with the east and northeast it end up being white chestnut. The latest absolute plants as well as change eastward which have declining humidity, regarding meadow fescuefeather grass steppe so you’re able to dead fescuefeather lawn steppe after which semidesert vegetation out-of wormwood, deceased fescue, and feather lawn. From the a whole lot more moist area of the Stavropol Upland along with the newest Caucasus hills the fresh natural plants are forest-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Now both steppe while the tree-steppe are almost entirely cleaned for agriculture.
Records. Regarding the mid-16th century the newest Caucasus plus the Stavropol area began to started for the exposure to Muscovite colonization. About 16th and you may seventeenth ages Subcaucasia educated new origins out-of Cossack colonization (brand new Don Cossacks on the western additionally the Terek Cossacks from inside the the new eastern). Caucasian mountain peoples, the brand new Karachai therefore the Cherkess, lived in the fresh new foothills of one’s part.
Early in the brand new eighteenth century brand new Stavropol part nominally turned part of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent settlements, not, just weren’t centered through to the last quarter of your century, whenever, within the 177780, the fresh new Russian government situated a line of forts, the newest Mozdok-Azov line, that have headquarters during the Stavropol, to help you support the Caucasian slope peoples. Because of the 1785 new Stavropol region formed element of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated an excellent gubernia during the 1802. Following the multiple label transform it was appointed since the Stavropol gubernia inside the 1847. Their limitations had been in the end repaired when you look at the 1861, whether it try separated of Terek oblast. Weighed against Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because 1898) was not section of Caucasus krai.
Till the 1930s this new Stavropol area are compensated of the each other Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you can constituted part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The new Russian authorities marketed the new fast colonization of your own Stavropol area so you’re able to expose a bottom getting army techniques regarding Caucasus. Section of one aim try achieved by the new granting of preference tracts regarding residential property to help you Russian noblemen, whom settled them with their serfs. A very extreme factor in colonization, yet not, try the brand new spontaneous settlement from the state peasants who had been unimpeded from the this new main government. Indeed the purple authorities legalized extant says to your ukase out-of 1804 and you may considering assistance to those that has compensated for the this new Stavropol area. Towards the end of your own 1850s the populace out-of Stavropol gubernia got increased to 340,000 (5.5 persons for every single sq . kilometer). Its merely city, Stavropol, became from about 3,000 people during the 1800 to 17,600 people when you look at the 1853. The essential heavily paid parts were brand new steppes within Yegorlyk and Kalaus streams additionally the Kalaus Lake area. The population out of Stavropol gubernia (including Terek oblast) in the 1853 consisted of 48.7 percent Cossacks, 32 percent county peasants, sixteen.dos percent nomadic herders, and you will step 3.1 percent serfs while others.